Well, evidently the saturated brine in the lake is approximately 10 times saltier than seawater. The prisoner patients were said to have the non-specific diagnosis of venereal disease, although there are many questions about the reliability of this diagnosis. It is not known whether or not the Yinggarda had a section system. In doing so he passed through the traditional territory of a number of Aboriginal groups, including the Maya, the Yingkarta and the Warriyangka. As early as 1912, whaling ships were operating in the waters off Carnarvon. 'Yamaji" comes from the Wadjarri (or Wajarri) language and means 'man' or 'human being', so it is often used throughout this region to refer to 'Aboriginal person'. Ngaya wattle Traditional knowledge of the landscape and the uses of its resources have evoked curiosity from many interested non-Indigenous people. The State of Queensland (Department of Environment and Science) 20172023, Be inspired: Beyond brilliantan adventurers guide to Carnarvon Gorge, Need further information? Several hundred Aboriginal people from across Western Australia were forcibly removed from their family and country to the lock hospitals. The Carnarvon Library and Art Gallery has a Local History Collection which includes books and oral history interviews, local newspapers, genealogical references and microfilm. Geraldton: Yamaji Language Centre 2003. Non-Indigenous people with venereal diseases were not subject to such measures. Use tab to navigate through the menu items. Hospital records were poorly kept but about a third of the patients admitted to the lock hospitals are thought to have died on the islands. Your personal information will be handled in accordance with the Information Privacy Act 2009. Languages of the Gascoyne Region, Western Australia, Reclaiming the languages of the Gascoyne Region. Interpretive Ranger Fred Conway discussing Aboriginal culture with visitors at the Art Gallery. He contacted Aborigines in May 1858 near the present-day township of Carnarvon (Green 1981), but made no attempt to speak to them. Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window). Their connection to country has never faulted and they are an important part of the way the Park is managed today. Biyagu galah The ties Aboriginal groups have to land are recognised by Native Title, a form of land title determined by the Federal Court upon application by indigenous people. Wilyamaya tip of Heirisson Prong. Lying at the mouth of the Gascoyne River. It has been revealed that ancient rock art was destroyed after a recycled-plastic walkway intended to protect the site exploded during a bushfire in Carnarvon National Park. Recognised nationally for its outstanding natural and cultural values, Carnarvon Gorge protects unique and significant plants and animalsmany of them relics of cooler, wetter times. Hours: This project was funded by Royalties for Regions A Western Australian Government Program and Lotterywest. [9] When the data was collected in 1911, little was remembered of their marriage systems and Alan Dench thinks it probable, unlike many neighbouring tribes to their north, they did not have a moieties. Wiyabandi young man Jabi small dragon lizard On capture they were held at the Carnarvon Goal before being sent to P.O.W. Warlu lover, boyfriend/girlfriend, spouse, Baba rain, water Yudu bushl, scrub Stone for spears and tools was quarried on the western coast of Shark Bay at Crayfish Bay, and on the eastern coast at Yaringa near Gladstone. Nanga mother The ochre stencils at Carnarvon are some of the finest examples of this type of Aboriginal imagery in Australia. Prior to colonisation, law was administered through a religious framework so it is worthwhile taking spiritual beliefs into account when thinking about what social practices may have been the norm. the diversity of landscapes and ecosystems, and the high biodiversity, were no accident. Putting his theory to the test, Jack planted the first banana sucker in 1928 and by 1930 he had his first saleable crop. Later, de Freycinets artist Jacques Arago recorded a tense encounter between a group of Aboriginal people and some Europeans at Cape Peron. The Maya and Mandhi peoples have effectively disappeared, as has any knowledge of their particular linguistic and cultural heritage. Somewhere off the coast between Geraldton and Carnarvon the Australian Cruiser with her crew of 645 sank and all souls on board perished. Integrated Planning & Reporting Framework, Fascine Playground Upgrades - Baxter Park & Town Beach, Recycled Water Pipeline & Brockman Park Irrigation, Blowholes Interpretive Signage & Stairs Upgrade, Coral Bay Bicycle Path - Town to Boat Harbour, Power upgrade - Main Street & Civic Centre, Airport facility upgrade - Taxi Shelter, Toilets & Seating, Caravan Park, Lodging Houses & other Accommodation, Department of Local Government, Sport & Cultural Industries. Denham WA 6357. Hospital admissions decreased after 1913 due to administration costs and in 1918 the hospitals were closed and patients relocated to Port Hedland. Ancient and continuing culture Archaeological sites from Shark Bay to Ningaloo show occupation by Aboriginal people between 35,000 30,000 years ago. Carnarvon's traditional owners are the Aboriginal Inggarda, Baiyunga, Thalanji, Malgana and Thudgarri people. Radcliffe-Browns comments about Yinggarda knowledge of section names suggests close links with northern groups. The community were originally located on the Gascoyne river near Carnarvon but wererelocated in the 1980s to new housing and a purpose-built community at Greys Plains to overcome the regular seasonal flooding of the river. Adapted from: Malgana Wangganyina (Talking Malgana): an Illustrated Wordlist of the Malgana Language of Western Australia. It is conservatively estimated that more than 200 people died on the islands. Fax: +61 (08) 9964 4690, Parks and Wildlife Service [b] Since the Inggarda social bands contiguous with the Watjarri were known under the distinct hordal name of Kurudandi (perhaps surviving in the contemporary station toponym Coordewandy, Tindale suggested that while the Inggarda to the east had not adopted this rite, the western clans might have at some time taken up the practice as current among the Watjarri. Disappearing, virtually over night, were the camels and the cameleers. Shark Bay is the traditional country of three Aboriginal language groups: Malgana, Nhanda and Yingkarta. (Radcliffe-Brown 1930:213). In 1858, twenty years after Lieutenant Grey's first exploration, the area was explored once more by Francis Gregory who was looking for suitable grazing land for the government. ), Aborigines of the west: Their past and their . The fragile art on the gorge's sandstone walls reflects a rich culture. Winthu wind, Gutharraguda two waters / two bays Shark Bay Please enter your Client Log-in user name and password for access to the Special Client Booking Facility. We recognise their connection to land, sea and community, and pay our respects to Elders past and present. Gantharri grandchile, grandparent Carnarvon Gorge - an Aboriginal Rock Stencil Art site, with engravings of vulvas, emu and kangaroo tracks Recent additions, changes and updates to Don's Maps Navigation Abel Tasman Track in New Zealand Aboriginal Art of the Kimberleys Aboriginal art on the Northern Tablelands of NSW Aborigines of Australia Abri Pataud Tools Abri de Raymonden On his return, after a near fatal journey, Grey noted that the area around the mouth of the Gascoyne River was good for agricultural development. This multi-award winning permanent interactive exhibition unites and reflects the culture and stories of the five Aboriginal language groups of the region; Yinggarda, Bayungu, Malgana, Thadgari and Thalanyji. Marlu small kangaroo species Carnarvon Gorge is Queensland's answer to the Kimberley. The settlers were then free to pursue their agricultural aspirations and the bushland began to recede before their saws and axes. Carnarvon Gorge, gorge in southeastern Queensland, Australia, on the eastern slopes of Carnarvon Range of the Great Dividing Range. During an anthropological expedition in 19101911 social worker Daisy Bates described the hospitals as tombs of the living dead. Language is both a mirror and a vehicle for culture and provides insight into Malgana cultural life. They are scattered over many Aboriginal communities in the northwest of Central Australia. Aboriginal people have a rich history in the Gascoyne region that precedesEuropean colonisation by tens of thousands of years. The Department of Environment and Science acknowledges Aboriginal peoples and Torres Strait Islander peoples as the Traditional Owners and custodians of the land. The call of yellow-bellied gliders, owls and the bush stone curlew are often heard after dark. The Department of Environment and Science collects personal information from you, including information about your email address and telephone number. It is thought that Mitchell named the ranges after the Caernarfon Ranges of Wales. "Among the Angaardies, circumcision is performed by of a sharp flint, and after the consummation of the rite, the youth is forbidden to look on a woman for the space of two years, consequently he cannot associate with the rest of the tribe, except with the men when hunting, the women then being about their own business. Buthurru sand The area was settled in 1876 by the Browns and the Brockman's, who travelled from York to Carnarvon, with 4,000 sheep. Two stations suffered extreme attacks during which almost all settlers were killed - Hornetbank near Taroom and Cullin-la-ringo near Springsure. In 1986 the Lock Hospitals were registered as protected areas under the Aboriginal Heritage Act. Sites at Monkey Mia and Useless Loop show the current period of occupation beginning about 2,300 years ago, while rock shelters at Eagle Bluff and on the Zuytdorp Cliffs are up to 4,600 years old. Carnarvon's traditional owners are the Aboriginal Inggarda, Baiyunga, Thalanji, Malgana and Thudgarripeople. He named the river "Gascoyne" after a naval friend, Captain Gascoyne, and then trekked up the dry riverbed, discovering a pool of freshwater. Shark Bay District Office Buyungurra turtle There would have been a resurgence of mangroves and shellfish when the sea reached its present level 7,000 to 4,000 years ago. The Shire of Upper Gascoyne provide support to this community. Ifyou are planning to visit the library to access local history archives, contact staff ahead of your planned visit on (08) 9941 3727 as they may be able to assist with locating specific items or materials. Unfortunately European settlement resulted in many Aboriginal languages not being used regularly. While visitors to the park usually associate Aboriginal history with the park's rock art sites, the connection for Aboriginal people is with the entire landscape. The Gnulli native title claim has yet to be determined. Gwoonwardu Mia, the Gascoyne Aboriginal Heritage and Cultural Centre for all five language groups of the region, was reopened by you in 2019. European explorer Ludwig Leichhardt passed to Carnarvon Gorge's east in 1844, naming the Expedition Ranges visible in the distance from Boolimba Bluff. The Commission, through successfulRegional Economic Development (RED) grant applications, are also working with Tidal Moon on a beche de mer processing and sea ranching business development project on Mulgana Country (Shark Bay) and have helped fund ABC Foundation'sFood for the Mob On Country Kitchen based in Carnarvon. Yamatji is a name commonly used by Aboriginal people in the Murchison and Gascoyne regions of WesternAustralia to refer to themselves, and sometimes also to Aboriginal people generally, when speakingEnglish. Buyungurra turtle It is thought that the Bidjara and the Karingbal had strong social and spiritual ties during the period prior to colonisation and that both groups were using the Gorge, although not necessarily on a permanent basis. t in place prior to colonisation. The Reconciliation Plan was adopted in July 2022 and is now available for community review here. Photo credit: B. Sigley Queensland Government. They were present in that form due to the land management practices of the Bidjara and Karingbal peoples. It is currently operated by WA Museums under a funding agreement with DPIRD. Many family members who were separated during the lock hospital scheme never saw each other again. The word comes from the Wajarri language where it has the meaning 'man' or 'human being'. We will only use your information for this purpose. The local Indigenous population soon took exception to the European intrusion and inter-racial relationships soon . Their interests are represented through the Kulyamba Aboriginal Corporation, the native title PBC. By contrast, the Wajarri practised initiation by circumcision and subincision. Monday - Friday: 9:30am - 3:30pm | CLOSED on public holidays including: Australia Day, Good Friday, ANZAC Day, Christmas Eve & Day, Boxing Day, GWOONWARDU MIA ABORIGINAL HERITAGE AND CULTURAL CENTRE CELEBRATES THE REGION'S ABORIGINAL HERITAGE. Tel: +61 (08) 9964 3550 You couldn't possibly visit Carnarvon without at least tasting the Carnarvon bananas and mangoes. Walgu sandalwood fruit and tree Artefacts and objects such as shields and grind stones. Wulyibidi Peron Peninsula It is illegal to disturb these places. You have nominated multiple rooms; please note that the arrival/departure dates and payment details must be the same for all rooms. The Carnarvon Gorge has great significance for the Bidjara people and other Aboriginal peoples such as the Garingbal, Gayiri, Gungabulla, Nguri, Wasjigu and Yiman peoples. For the first time, the Aboriginal history of the region takes pride of place as part of a rich and vibrant history of the Gascoyne. Nhanganha Gutharraguda, Wula guda nyinda. It is uniquely located in the heart of the Gascoyne regionand is surrounded by pristine natural environments on both land and in the ocean. Wabagu sea eagle Carnarvon's traditional owners are the Aboriginal Inggarda, Baiyunga, Thalanji, Malgana and Thudgarri people. When this time of probation past, he comes near the general camping-place, makes a good fire, and all his friends go to see him, felicitating him on the termination of his solitary mode of life, and if there be any female whom he has legal claims, she is at once surrendered." Language is both a mirror and a vehicle for culture and provides insight into Malgana cultural life. In fact if you walk with Simon, you'll be able to sort out which of the early yarns has a chance of ringing true and which are likely to have been 'enhanced' for the entertainment of visitors. On the drive into Carnarvon Gorge, many visitors' interest is piqued by an odd crop grown in paddocks on the creek flats. Main stencil panel, the Art Gallery, Carnarvon Gorge. The Lock Hospital Tragedy Memorial 'Don't look at the Islands' wasofficially unveiledat theCarnarvon Heritage Precincton 17 April 2019 by the Hon. Yadgalah, yajala friend [5], The Yingkarta's lands, lying between the Gascoyne and River Wooramel rivers in a wedge of land separating those of the Tedei to their south, and of their northern neighbours the Mandi. [7], The Nanda on the southern end of Shark Bay were much in fear of the Inggarda whom they regarded as highly proficient in the art of sorcery (boollia), which included the power to conjure up rain at will.[13]. Walgu sandalwood fruit and tree Many Aboriginal men and women worked in the pearling industry which began in the 1850s and peaked in the 1870s. Birlirung everlasting daisy While the community currently faces significant social challenges, there are important social and community initiatives being driven by members of this community in partnership with local non-government organisations and the Shire of Carnarvon. Prior to this, the Gnulli native title claim was determined in December 2019 giving recognition to the Yinggarda, Baiyungu and Thalanyji People over an area of 71,354 square kilometres. Aboriginal names given to buildings and institutions in the town are usually recognisable as Yinggarda words (for example the Cultural Centre is called Gwoonwardu Mia which is made up ofguwinywardu, the name of the Gascoyne River at Carnarvon andmaya meaning house). The aviator, Charles Kingsford Smith, saw a golden opportunity for a transport company to be set up in the area. Jalyanu grass They gathered oysters in the shallows, skin-dived for them, and collected them in wire dredges towed behind sailing boats. Mulhagarda whiting It will otherwise not be used or disclosed unless authorised or required by law. Mulhagarda whiting 63 Knight Terrace, They named this area long ago, Kuwinywardu (Kow-win-wordo), meaning 'neck of water'. BURLGANYJA WANGGAYA: OLD PEOPLE TALKING - LISTEN, LEARN AND RESPECT. Sea levels rose when glaciers melted, then fell during cold periods when water was locked up in ice. It is conservatively estimated that more than 200 people died on the islands. Gurda brother Biodiversity protection - Carnarvon National Park protectsa diverse range of regional landforms and ecosystems, including 40 regional ecosystems, of which nine are listed as endangered. Yinggarda was a Kartu language spoken from the coastal area around Carnarvon through the Gascoyne River to the junction and southwards to the Wooramel River. Local material culture was quite sophisticated, and much knowledge of it can be gleaned simply by observing what has been stencilled at the art sites. There are several Aboriginal organisations in the town which represent the interests of Yinggarda people. Like the Wajarri, these communities were more isolated and thus more successfully withstood the worst ravages of European settlement in the region. The national award-winning Gwoonwardu Mia, Aboriginal Heritage and Cultural Centre, capture the region's Aboriginal history. Current visitors to the National Park owe a debt of gratitude not only to the Europeans that recognised the area's potential and pushed for the establishment of the National Park, but also to the Traditional Owners and the system of land management in place prior to colonisation. Thayadi, thayirri snake As both artistic pieces and places of rest, they will allow for contemplation and sharing of history. Arago wrote: they watched us as dangerous enemies, and were continually pointing to the ship, exclaiming, ayerkade, ayerkade (go away, go away). In more recent years, Aboriginal people have been able to successfully achieve limited tenure of their traditional lands, and the Wajarri have established small settlements in their own country. Carnarvon Gorge's rock art sites are thought to have been in use for at least 3,650 years. It produces high protein forage in its leaves and, generally, cattle are put into the paddocks to graze directly on the bush. European setters followed soon after, with grazing runs established in the area in the 1860s. Key points: Rock art dating back thousands of years has been lost after a plastic walkway ignites during a bushfire The rest I guess is history. Many people living in the Gascoyne region today can confidently identify themselves as, for example, Yinggarda, Bayungu or Tharrgari, despite the fact that knowledge of the traditional languages is sparse at best. Leucaena is a cattle fodder plant of Mexican origin. Modern aims include Catchment preservation - the headwaters of five major catchments lie within the Park's boundaries, feeding into the Fitzroy, Murray-Darling and Lake Eyre Basins. These join the Fitzroy River, which meets the coast near Rockhampton. What makes Carnarvon unique. In 1978 the Texada Mines sold the venture to Dampier Salt limited, who have continued to process and export salt around the world. Wulyibidi Peron Peninsula The building was nicknamed Silver City because the families who camped there were given government payments in silver coins. Wirruwana Dirk Hartog Island Around the same time a meatworks was built to supply the local area with fresh meat, but it never eventuated as there was too much of a fluctuating supply of stock. Yellow-bellied gliders feeding on eucalypt sap, Carnarvon Gorge. In R. M. Berndt & C. H. Berndt (Eds. A mere 2.2% of the Southern Brigalow Belt is covered by reserves, more than half of which lies within Carnarvon National Park. Several hundred Aboriginal people across Western Australia were forcibly removed from their families and country to the lock hospitals. Australia Learn some of the local Malgana language. The encroachment by Europeans into Shark Bay from this time would have seen the beginning of changes to traditional Aboriginal life. Copyright 2023 Shire of Carnarvon. Cattle breeds are mostly Brahmin crosses, and the majority of local properties finish their cattle in Winter and Spring on forage crops such as oats. Documentation of traditional Aboriginal resources by early explorers and settlers, together with recent developments in medicinal uses has contributed to homeopathic and culinary commercial ventures. Aboriginal people were employed to patrol station boundaries, crutch and shear sheep, trap dingoes and foxes, repair mechanical equipment, build fences and yards, sink wells, and break in horses. Many of the Malay workers were actually from Indonesia, the Philippines and Pacific Islands. Geraldton: Yamaji Language Centre 2003. Map of circumcision and subincision boundaries (from here). The Department of Environment and Science is committed to respecting, protecting and promoting human rights, and our obligations under the Human Rights Act 2019. . Burringurrah is a medium sized community of approximately 120 people, situated within Wajarri country. Ludwig Leichhardt led the first European group into the region in 1844, passing to the east of the gorge. Food for the Mob On Country Kitchen based in Carnarvon. Lil lil clubs and orderd hand stencils. camps where they saw out the remaider of the war. There are about 130 registered Aboriginal heritage sites in the Shark Bay area including quarries, rock shelters, burial sites and large scatters of discarded shells, bone and other food-related artefacts known as middens. We collect this information to contact you with any follow-up questions. [4] It extended east of the Karajarri coastal zone, and from Port Hedland through to Marble Bar and Nullagine, south over the Shaw River, and north over . Bush medicines were readily available, as is mentioned in the section on Carnarvon Gorge's flora. Aboriginal rock art sites . The State Government subsequently gazetted 65,000 hectares as Carnarvon Gorge National Park. During the 1960's Texada Mines (now Dampier Salt) was established at Lake Macleod, which is situated 65km north of Carnarvon. Cathedral Cave, Carnarvon Gorge. Bangga, barnka goanna in the town itself. Carnarvon is located 904 km north of Perth on the west coast of the Gascoyne Region of Western Australia. Carnarvon, like many coastal towns at the turn of the 20th century, began commercial whale hunting. Some amazing growth rates are claimed by touters of leucaena - as much as one kilo of weight per beast per day. This will be one hundred years to the day since the last person was removed from the islands and the hospitals closed. He named the river "Gascoyne" after his naval friend, Captain Gascoyne,and then trekked up the dry riverbed, discovering a pool of freshwater. [10], The Yingkarta were said by some early explorers to have practised circumcision. You come this way. This page is not available in other languages. The prisoner patients were said to have the non-specific diagnosis of venereal disease, although there are many questions about the reliability of this diagnosis. There are three Aboriginal communities in the Gascoyne Region, two remote communities located within the Shire of Upper Gascoyne and one town-based community in East Carnarvon. Yawarda larger kangaroo species Home > Culture & History > Aboriginal Heritage > Aboriginal Languages. We aim to be an inclusive, engaged, resilient community with access to services and facilities enabling a safe and healthy lifestyle. and S.W. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. Gantharri grandchile, grandparent Most recently, theWajarri Yamatji Part D and Wajarri Yamatji Part E claims were determined in July 2021. Mulgarda mullet On his return, after a near fataljourney, Grey noted that the area around the mouth of the Gascoyne River was good for agriculturaldevelopment. Ochre stencils of tools, weapons, ornaments and ceremonial objects provide an insight into the lives of the gorge's first people. Brown settled on Boolathana stationand Brockman established Brickhouse station. The islands heritage significance was also recognised with their inclusion on the Register of the National Estate in 1987. The human history of Carnarvon Gorge is long, and often mysterious. The patients and their families often had little idea where they were or why they were taken from their traditional country. Geraldton WA 6531 Awareness and pride in traditional Aboriginal knowledge and belief was probably greatly stimulated through this increased contact, and with it came a new awareness and respect of traditional languages.