More than 1,100 micrograms of iodine a day for adults can be dangerous. Potassium Iodide (KI). Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. 8 Fl Oz (Pack of 1) 6,933 $13 29 ($1.66/Fl Oz) $17.38 $12.63 with Subscribe & Save discount More Buying Choices $13.20 (15 new offers) After exposure to radiation, iodine can provide some protection against thyroid damage. However, these effects did not resolve with sufficient iodine intake during childhood. European Journal of Nutrition 2019;58:3047-58. Cholesterol: Top foods to improve your numbers, Cholesterol-lowering supplements may be helpful. This novel blood clot treatment doesn't increase bleeding risk, Why young women have more adverse outcomes after a heart attack than young men, Gut microbiome appears to fluctuate throughout the day and across seasons, One-hour endoscopic procedure could eliminate the need for insulin for type 2 diabetes, New clues to slow aging? Learn how the tests work, how to read the results, and some of the best tests to. Can You Eat Soy If You Have a Thyroid Condition? They do not apply to people taking iodine under a doctors care. Iron, zinc, copper, manganese, selenium, and iodine in foods from the United States Total Diet Study. The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ located in your neck that produces specific hormones that help regulate growth and metabolism (1). Ristic-Medic D, Piskackova Z, Hooper L, Ruprich J, Casgrain A, Ashton K, Pavlovic M, Glibetic M. Methods of assessment of iodine status in humans: a systematic review. J Am Diet Assoc. The United States, Canada, and dozens of other countries have salt-iodization programs [3,16,17]. This happens because the thyroid has too little iodine to make thyroid hormone. Thyroid function is important for metabolism. Amazon.com: Nascent Iodine Supplement 400 Servings, Glass Bottle, Vegan, 1800 mcg - 600 mcg per Drop - Pure, Clear Color - Supports Thyroid Health, Energy, Immunity & Metabolism (2 oz.) For example, in a 2013 study published in Lancet, researchers evaluated the effect of insufficient iodine in pregnancy on cognitive outcomes in children. (2022). Patrick L. Iodine: deficiency and therapeutic considerations. They are also required for proper skeletal and central nervous system development in fetuses and infants [1]. However, iodine deficiency does not independently affect energy levels. Later, they also measured the children's intelligence quotient (IQ) at age 8. The serving size of this product is 12 drops daily, which a person can drop on their tongue. 2023 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK. Since the inception of the NHANES monitoring program, urinary iodine measurements have shown that the general U.S. population is iodine sufficient. Included is detail on diagnosis and the causes. Because many U.S. households use iodized salt, TDS data likely underestimate the true iodine intake of most U.S. residents. [, Gowachirapant S, Jaiswal N, Melse-Boonstra A, Galetti V,Stinca S, Mackenzie I, et al. Many multivitamin/mineral supplements contain iodine, often at a dose of 150 mcg , and some, but not all, prenatal supplements contain iodine . If your intake of iodine is too low, you can end up with low levels of thyroid hormone in your blood. Last medically reviewed on January 5, 2021. [, Patel A, Lee SY, Stagnaro-Green A, MacKay D, Wong AW, Pearce EN. Price: $$$Note: Though this product receives three dollar signs based on its list price, some retailers may offer significant discounts.Smarty Pants prenatal gummies are a great option if youre pregnant and have difficulty tolerating regular capsules.All of Smarty Pants products are third-party tested for purity, so you dont have to worry about them containing any contaminants or potentially harmful ingredients that are not listed on the label.Smarty Pants does not disclose its third-party laboratory for proprietary reasons, but you can access certificates of compliance for each supplement on the company website.You get 290 mcg of iodine, or 132% of the RDI during pregnancy, in each 4-gummy serving.The gummies are sweetened with a combination of cane sugar and tapioca syrup, but they only contain 6 grams of added sugar per serving.Theyre free of artificial sweeteners and naturally colored with fruit and vegetable juices. Nauman J, Wolff J. Iodide prophylaxis in Poland after the Chernobyl reactor accident: benefits and risks. However, some groups are at increased risk for a deficiency, including: Some goitrogens include broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, kale, and strawberries. Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW Mayo Clinic on High Blood Pressure - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic on Hearing and Balance - Mayo Clinic Press, FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press, Financial Assistance Documents Minnesota. Iodine nutrition in weaning infants in the United States. Nutrition in Health and Disease, 9th ed. For this reason, iodine-deficient individuals have a particularly high risk of developing radiation-induced thyroid cancer when exposed to radioactive iodine. Given the variability in iodine levels in many plant-based foods, some countries have iodine-fortified foods available, such as iodized salt, to prevent deficiencies. For these reasons, the values for the foods listed in Table 2 are approximate but can be used as a guide for estimating iodine intakes. If you are vegan or have food allergies, read labels carefully to ensure there are no animal products or allergens. [, Pearce EN. Femi Aremu, PharmD, is a professional pharmacist with experience in clinical and community pharmacy. There is a problem with Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). Your thyroid gland, which is located at the base of the front of your neck, helps regulate hormone production. [, Rebagliato M, Murcia M, Espada M, Alvarez-Pedrerol M, Bolmar F, Vioque J, Basterrechea M, Blarduni E, Ramn R, Guxens M, Foradada CM, Ballester F, Ibarluzea J, Sunyer J. Iodine intake and maternal thyroid function during pregnancy. [, Pennington JA, Schoen SA. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) developed DVs to help consumers compare the nutrient contents of foods and dietary supplements within the context of a total diet. Some alternative medicine specialists suggest iodine tablets or kelp supplements which are high in iodine for hypothyroidism. 258. 2022. Don't use an iodine supplement if you have thyroid problems unless a doctor recommends it. Pickup & Same Day Delivery available on most store items. Ammonia, iodine, potassium iodide, purified water. Medical News Today follows a strict product selection and vetting process. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC, an Internet Brands company. Am J Clin Nutr. Hypothyroidism: Can calcium supplements interfere with treatment? Learn about symptoms and treament. 2008 Nov;18(6):571-580. 2009 Jun;30(4):376-408. Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic Press. KI and radioactive iodine are both types of iodine. The tablets have a thin coating to prevent bad taste. [, Bath SC, Steer CD, Golding J, Emmett P, Rayman MP. Total diet study: estimated dietary intakes of nutritional elements, 1982-1991. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. This article looks at what iodine does, its benefits, risks, and side effects. However, consuming a supplement like iodine may have potential side effects. Anaphylaxis. However, more recent research suggests that iodine allergies may actually be due to another substance and not iodine. Although this product is a multivitamin, it contains a dose of iodine for kids. Manufacturers are responsible for making sure they are safe and labeled correctly. You usually don't need iodine supplements if you live in the United States or most developed countries. The effects of severe iodine deficiency on neurological development are well documented. Thyroid. Instead, the lack of iodine reduces the thyroid's ability to produce thyroid hormone, which can cause a range of symptoms, including low energy. Iodine supplementation for pregnancy and lactation-United States and Canada: recommendations of the American Thyroid Association. In most people, iodine intakes from foods and supplements are unlikely to exceed the UL [2]. Talk with your healthcare provider before taking a supplement. 1990 Nov;90(11):1571-1581. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. The FDA recommends potassium iodide as a thyroid blocking agent in nuclear emergencies. [, Caldwell KL, Makhmudov A, Ely E, Jones RL, Wang RY. In adults, mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency can cause goiter as well as impaired mental function and work productivity secondary to hypothyroidism. That way, your doctor can check on any potential side effects or interactions with medications. Some research suggests that iodine supplementation might be helpful for fibrocystic breast disease, although a specific mechanism of action has not been established [76] and data are limited. Iodine may have other uses. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019;104:5957-67. [, Pearce EN, Bazrafshan HR, He X, Pino S, Braverman LE. 2008 Feb 15;42(4):1315-1323. These 9 iodine-rich foods can help keep you healthy. Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Iodine. Iodine is naturally found in a variety of foods, such as seafood, dairy products, eggs, and seaweed. Products made without these conditioners contain very little iodine. Overconsuming iodine can lead to symptoms similar to those of iodine deficiency, such as neck swelling, fatigue, and weight gain. Apply a small amount to the affected area 1 to 3 times daily. Hypothyroidism and infertility: Any connection? It's also added to many brands of table salt. 2004 Aug;89(8):3851-3857. Food
According to the manufacturer, the product is suitable for vegans and is free from gluten, soy, and dairy. Sometimes, it may not cause any symptoms at all. This variability affects the iodine content of meat and animal products because of its impact on the iodine content of foods that the animals consume [14]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Iodine deficiency disorders result from inadequate thyroid hormone production secondary to insufficient iodine [5]. That's more than twice as much as most adults need each day. Since the body does not make iodine on its own, you need to obtain enough of it in your diet. May be covered with a sterile bandage. According to the manufacturer, they are also free from dairy, nuts, and gluten. Radiation-induced thyroid cancer
These intakes meet or exceed the EAR for all groups. In certain countries, such as the United States, nutritional supplements are not as tightly regulated as medications. However, very low iodine intakes can reduce thyroid hormone production even in the presence of elevated TSH levels. Fibrocystic breast disease
Price: $Designs for Healths Iodine Synergy supplement contains 10,000 mcg of iodine, or 6,670% of the RDI, in the form of potassium iodide, plus 40 mcg of selenium, a nutrient that functions as an antioxidant and aids thyroid hormone metabolism (3).Its vegetarian-friendly and free of most major allergens, including dairy, soy, and gluten. Scientists use genetic rewiring to increase lifespan of cells. Iodine deficiency. Production of T4 increases by approximately 50% during pregnancy [53], requiring a concomitant increase in maternal iodine intake. Iodine is naturally found in a variety of foods, such as seafood, dairy products, eggs, and seaweed. Other information. [, Caldwell KL, Miller GA, Wang RY, Jain RB, Jones RL. This sharp decline in urinary iodine levels caused some concern during the late 1990s that the iodine sufficiency of the U.S. population could be at risk if this trend continued [33]. Allergies and sensitivities to iodine have been reported. In the United States, salt manufacturers have been adding iodine to table salt since the 1920s, although this practice is still voluntary [18]. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), FDA and ODS-NIH Database for the Iodine Content of Common Foods [8] lists the iodine content of numerous foods and beverages. For pregnant and lactating women in these countries, iodine intakes of 250 mcg/day from both supplements and dietary sources are recommended [3,7]. Of 59 best-selling prenatal multivitamin supplements on the market in 20162017, only 34 contained iodine [22]. If they do use iodized salt, they must list the salt as iodized in the ingredient list on the food label [9]. This product has a lower iodine dosage than some other products. In infants and children, less severe iodine deficiency can also cause neurodevelopmental deficits such as somewhat lower-than-average intelligence as measured by IQ [1,42,43]. [, Gordon RC, Rose MC, Skeaff SA, Gray AR, Morgan KM, Ruffman T. Iodine supplementation improves cognition in mildly iodine-deficient children. These values have essentially remained unchanged in the last three NHANES surveys, indicating that the dietary iodine intake of the general U.S. population has remained stable since 2000 [36]. Since the dosage is 4 gummies daily, one bottle provides a 1-month supply, which may not be the most cost-effective option. WHO recommendations for these countries also include breastfeeding through 24 months of age, combined with complementary foods fortified with iodine for children between the ages of 724 months [7]. Nutrients 2018, 10, 422; doi: 10.3390/nu10040422. But most people in the U.S. get enough iodine through their normal diet. Thyroid hormones have the following functions in the body: For the most part, people take iodine to prevent or treat iodine deficiency, which can cause problems with fetal development, cognitive function, and thyroid function. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Infants who are exclusively breastfed depend on maternal iodine sufficiency for optimal development. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does regulate dietary supplements; however, it uses different regulations than for foods or drugs. Includes a variety of protein foods such as lean meats; poultry; eggs; seafood; beans, peas, and lentils; nuts and seeds; and soy products. Do not use this solution if it turns brownish yellow. If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, the daily dose increases to 220 mcg and 290 mcg, respectively (1). Iodine is an essential mineral that promotes thyroid function. Dietary supplements containing only iodine are also available, and many contain high doses, sometimes above the UL [20]. Iodine is a mineral that's important for good health. The researchers also reported a dose-dependent reduction in self-assessed pain. American Thyroid Association. 2002 Jul;48(5):563-569. It also seems to help with fibrocystic breast change. As shown in Table 2, non-iodized sea salt provides virtually no iodine [8]. Potassium-sparing diuretics
Price: $Standard Process Prolamine Iodine supplement provides 600 mcg of iodine, or 400% of the RDI, and 30mg of calcium in each capsule.The iodine comes from a combination of kelp and Standard Process proprietary potassium iodide and cornmeal whole food complex. Price: $$$Each serving of GLOWs prenatal capsules provides 150 mcg of iodine, or 68% of the RDI during pregnancy, alongside more than 20 other nutrients that support healthy prenatal development.GLOW always uses the highest quality, most absorbable nutrient forms, and all of their products are third-party tested for purity and potency.The U.S. Dietary Guidelines recommend that people who are pregnant consume at least 220 mcg of iodine per day (1).Thus, if you choose GLOW as your prenatal supplement, you still want to make sure youre including iodine-rich foods in your diet to meet your daily needs.Supplements are designed to fill nutrient gaps, but a balanced diet is still an integral part of a healthy pregnancy. 2009 Jun;89(6):2052S-2069S. Symptoms of iodine toxicity include nausea, vomiting, fever, diarrhea, a weakened heartbeat, and burning throat and mouth (1). Up to 50% off clearance; Weekly Ad; 20% off Walgreens brand with code WAG20 Tell your doctor about any supplements you're taking, even if they're natural. Although severe iodine deficiency disorders are uncommon in the United States, mild-to-moderate iodine insufficiency during pregnancy may subtly affect fetal development [4,55-59]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010;95:5217-24. For example, an analysis of 44 samples of nonfat milk found a range of 38 to 159 mcg per cup (with an average of 85 mcg/cup used for Table 2) [8]. Manufacturers list dough conditioners as an ingredient on product labels but are not required to include iodine on the Nutrition Facts label [12], even though these conditioners provide a substantial amount of iodine. Supplements may be needed if you don't get enough in your diet. One teaspoon of iodized salt contains 400 micrograms of iodine. Lancet. Mild to moderate maternal iodine deficiency has also been associated with an increased risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children [44]. Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening emergency that can occur without warning due to exposure to an allergen. 20 offers from $4.74. High cholesterol treatment: Does cinnamon lower cholesterol? Women who restrict their dietary salt intake also have lower urinary iodine concentrations and might be more likely to be iodine deficient than women who dont restrict salt intake [40]. If you are eating a healthy, balanced, varied diet, you're . According to 20112014 NHANES data, 72.2% of pregnant woman took any dietary supplement, but only 17.8% of them took an iodine-containing product [68]. See additional information. Both of these hormones contain iodide (a form of iodine). Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. Kalra S, Unnikrishnan AG, Sahay R. The hypoglycemic side of hypothyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Iodine supplements have the potential to interact with several types of medications. Increasing iodine levels above the recommended amount may cause unwanted side effects, such as: Iodine is most useful in thyroid function and the prevention of thyroid-related health conditions. Symptoms include: If you experience any of the above symptoms, it is critical to seek emergency medical care immediately. When a person takes the right amount of KI at the right time, it can help block the thyroid from absorbing radioactive iodine. A small study found that people absorb potassium iodide almost completely (96.4%) [21]. The dosage is 1 level scoop daily. Generally, prices range from $0.06$2.32 per serving, or $8$69.70 per container, though this may vary depending on where you shop. In other parts of the world, though, low iodine levels are a serious cause of health problems. That is because the body eliminates extra iodine through the urine. 2008 Nov;18(11):1207-1214. [, Andersson M, Aeberli I, Wst N, Piacenza AM, Bucher T, Henschen I, Haldimann M, Zimmermann MB. [, Ershow AG, Skeaff SA, Merkel JM, Pehrsson PR. In addition, plenty of foods contain iodine. When possible, choose a supplement that has been tested by a trusted third party, such as USP, ConsumerLabs, or NSF. Discard after one year or as indicated on the packaging. Values lower than 100 mcg/L in children and non-pregnant adults indicate insufficient iodine intake, although iodine deficiency is not classified as severe until urinary iodine levels are lower than 20 mcg/L. These are all hallmark symptoms of hypothyroidism, a condition in which the thyroid, a small gland at the front of your neck, slows down or . Cholesterol ratio or non-HDL cholesterol: Which is most important? Mountainous areas (e.g., Himalayas, Alps, and Andes regions) and river valleys prone to flooding (especially in South and Southeast Asia) are among the most iodine-deficient regions in the world [5]. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved. For most people, including most of the U.S. population, who have adequate iodine intakes and eat a variety of foods, the consumption of reasonable amounts of foods containing goitrogens is not a concern. To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we: We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness. 1,100 mcg for all adults, including those who are pregnant and lactating. We include products we think are useful for our readers. Since 50% more iodine is required during pregnancy to meet fetal developmental needs, some research has examined how iodine deficiency impacts fetal development. $26.73. Language delay and poorer school performance in children of mothers with inadequate iodine intake in pregnancy: Results from follow-up at 8 years in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. [, Vermiglio F, Lo Presti VP, Moleti M, Sidoti M, Tortorella G, Scaffidi G, Castagna MG, Mattina F, Violi MA, Cris A, Artemisia A, Trimarchi F. Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders in the offspring of mothers exposed to mild-moderate iodine deficiency: a possible novel iodine deficiency disorder in developed countries. Hypothyroidism can cause a variety of symptoms, including: Children with hypothyroidism may experience the same effects as adults and additional symptoms, including slow physical growth, mood problems, trouble concentrating, and learning difficulties. 2009 Sep;94(9):3188-3190. Adverse reactions to iodinated contrast media. [. 2008 Oct 4;372(9645):1251-1262. TSH secretion increases thyroidal uptake of iodine and stimulates the synthesis and release of T3 and T4. A 60-capsule bottle is a 1-month supply, so more cost-effective options may be available. Int J Angiol. [, Zimmermann MB, Galetti V. Iodine intake as a risk factor for thyroid cancer: A comprehensive review of animal and human studies. Iodine deficiency is common, especially among people who follow a vegan diet and pregnant people. Dietary supplements are not regulated in the United States, meaning the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not approve them for safety and effectiveness before products are marketed. The Swiss Iodized Salt Program Provides Adequate Iodine for School Children and Pregnant Women, but Weaning Infants Not Receiving Iodine-Containing Complementary Foods as well as Their Mothers Are Iodine Deficient. Even so, certain groups of people are at an increased risk of iodine deficiency, including (1): If you have difficulty getting enough iodine in your diet, your healthcare provider may recommend that you take an iodine supplement. Life Extension - Vitamin D3 with Sea-Iodine 5000 IU - 60 Capsules. Hypothyroidism can be safely and effectively treated with a drug the synthetic thyroid hormone levothyroxine (Synthroid, Levoxyl, others). Pearce EN. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. For example, a 2021 review in the American Journal of Health System Pharmacy looked at common misperceptions of iodine allergy. Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991. Vegans and people who eat few or no dairy products, seafood, and eggs
Below are some common questions about iodine supplements. The manufacturers recommended serving size is 1 capsule taken once or twice per day with a meal. Iodine supplements most often come as potassium iodide or sodium iodide. $11.87. 2019 Jun 05;11(6):], A randomized controlled multicenter trial of an investigational liquid nutritional formula in women with cyclic breast pain associated with fibrocystic breast changes, Iodide prophylaxis in Poland after the Chernobyl reactor accident: benefits and risks, Potassium iodide as a thyroid blocking agent in radiation emergencies, Hypothyroidism in children and adolescents, Adverse reactions to iodinated contrast media, Radioactive Iodine (Radioiodine) Therapy for Thyroid Cancer, Regulate activity of enzymes (proteins that create chemical reactions in the body), Those with marginal iodine status who eat, 110 micrograms (mcg) per day for infants birth-6 months, 150 mcg per day for adults and teens over 14. Prevention and control of iodine deficiency in pregnant and lactating women and in children less than 2-years-old: conclusions and recommendations of the Technical Consultation. Iodine is an ingredient in contrast agents that a person may take before having an X-ray or computed tomography (CT scan). Your provider may recommend you take iodine during pregnancy or for deficiency. [, Pennington JA, Young BE, Wilson DB. Price: $NOW is a popular supplement brand that boasts an affordable price point without compromising quality.Its vegan-friendly kelp supplement contains 150 mcg of iodine, or 100% of the RDI, sourced exclusively from whole organic kelp.All of NOWs manufacturing facilities are FDA approved, and all of its supplement ingredients undergo rigorous testing for purity and potency. If a persons iodine intake falls below approximately 1020 mcg/day, hypothyroidism occurs [1], a condition that is frequently accompanied by goiter. One of these trials also assessed children at age 56 years and continued to find no benefit on child neurodevelopment from the mothers use of iodine [60]. Disorders that cause hypothyroidism. Limits foods and beverages higher in added sugars, saturated fat, and sodium. Studies have also shown that excessive iodine intakes cause thyroiditis and thyroid papillary cancer [2,81]. CVS (CVS, Fortune 500) and Walgreens (WAG, Fortune 500), two of the nation's largest drugstore chains, don't sell potassium iodide drugs in stores. Thyroid hormones regulate many important biochemical reactions, including protein synthesis and enzymatic activity, and are critical determinants of metabolic activity [1,2]. However, because spot samples are not a suitable indicator of individual iodine status [30], these measurements cannot be used to diagnose individual cases of iodine deficiency nor to identify the proportion of a population with iodine deficiency or with excessive iodine intakes [31].
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