Inclusion in an NLM database does not imply endorsement of, or agreement with, Other related clinical studies also revealed that LHQW significantly improved the symptoms in COVID-19 patients and reduced the duration of fever, fatigue and cough and so forth, which provide preliminary research evidence for clinical treatment of COVID-19 [45,46]. Available at: https://mpns.science.kew.org/mpns-portal/(Accessed December 19, 2021). The incidence of nervous system damage was lower in the LHQW group compared to the conventional drug group (RR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.180.32, p < 0.001). Salvi R., Patankar P. Emerging pharmacotherapies for COVID-19. COVID-19 has led to a great case fatality. Zhu N., Zhang D., Wang W., Li X., Yang B., Song J., Zhao X., Huang B., Shi W., Lu R., Niu P., Zhan F., Ma X., Wang D. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. Subgroup analysis revealed that LHQW group has a reduced incidence of rash than the conventional drug group (RR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.390.86, p = 0.007), no statistical difference was detected for itchy skin. Lianhua Qingwen Prescription is approved for the treatment of fever, cough, and fatigue caused by light and common type of COVID-19 . (2021). J. Nosocomiology. [Saururaceae; Houttuyniae Botanical drug], a composition of LHQW (Huang et al., 2021), that contains allergenic ingredients, such as chlorogenic acid, as well as the unstable nature of houttuyfonate, which can cause adverse reactions (Cao, 2016). Subgroup, sensitivity and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore the possible sources of heterogeneity across eligible studies. Peng L.L., Li L., Shen L., Li X.L. Clin. Lianhua Qingwen (LHQW) is a classical Chinese medical preparation, while one of its prescription compositions Maxingshigan Decoction has a history of more than thousand years to treat plague, and exhibits antiviral and lung protection actions [15,16]. [14] Retraction Watch also notes that author Jia Zheng-hua is the son-in-law of Wu Yi-ling, the founder of the company in question. Recently, a single center retrospective study showed that LHQW granules (6g, tid) combined with conventional therapy (nutritional support therapy, symptomatic therapy, antiviral and antibiotic medication) could significantly relieve the symptoms like fever, cough, weakness and short breath in COVID-19 suspected cases with good safety [40]. Cheng D.Z., Wang W.J., Li Y., Wu X.D., Zhou B., Song Q.Y. The post-marketing monitoring data incorporated information on the following gastrointestinal adverse reactions: nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, dry mouth; as well as skin rash, itching, dizziness (Yiling Pharmaceutical, 2021). doi:10.13260/j.cnki.jfjtcm.012210, Jia, W., Wang, C., Wang, Y., Pan, G., Jiang, M., Li, Z., et al. Traditional Chinese medicine Lianhua Qingwen capsule has been proven effective for the treatment of COVID-19, China's top respiratory expert Zhong Nanshan said in a webinar with overseas Chinese students on Monday. Finally, 217 experimental studies on the Chinese population were included for study featuring 1759 cases of adverse reactions following clinical treatment (publication years ranging from 2005 to 2021). Anal. [5], Sources of its formulation reportedly consist of:[6], The medicine is both in capsule and granular form. Recent data indicated that orally administered LHQW capsules (100400mg/kg/day) could alleviate IBV-induced pathological change and decrease the abnormal increased inflammatory cells in lung tissues, but did not reduce the lung viral load and mortality in mice [26]. LHQW prescription (capsules type, or granules type) consists of 11 herbs, gypsum and menthol [18]. Effect of Lianhua Qingwen capsule on immunity of mice infected with flu virus. doi:10.14009/j.issn.1672-2124.2013.08.001, Wang, Y. However, no statistical difference was detected with regard to rash (RR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.211.67) and dizziness (RR = 1.79, 95% CI = 0.339.74). (Lianqiao), Lonicera japonica Thunb. The site is secure. Efficacy of Lianhuaqingwen capsule compared with oseltamivir for influenza A virus infection: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. Wang L., Yang Z.H., Zhang H.R., Yu H.X., Yang K., Fu B.H., Yang H.T. [4][10], In March 2022, during the Shanghai COVID-19 outbreak, the medication was distributed en masse to residents. COPD is characterized by a chronic inflammatory response and can be worsened by acute exacerbations. However, the efficacy and safety of which shall be confirmed by more high-quality clinical trials. doi:10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557, Hu, C., Liang, M., Gong, F., He, B., Zhao, D., and Zhang, G. (2020). Gao D., Niu M., Wei S.Z., Zhang C.E., Zhou Y.F., Yang Z.W., Li L., Wang J.B., Zhang H.Z., Zhang L., Xiao X.H. Clinical Practice Guideline on Treating Influenza in Adult Patients with Chinese Patent Medicines. Recent clinical evidence also showed that LHQW in combination with western medicines, such as the other antiviral drugs, is better than that not using LHQW during COVID-19 treatment, suggesting it would be beneficial as a supplementary strategy for treating COVID-19 [41,[44], [45], [46]]. Exploring material basis and mechanism of Lianhua Qingwen prescription against coronavirus based on network pharmacology. Li H.R., Chang L.P., Wei C., Jia Z.H. Zhang, R. X., and Liu, W. W. (2014). Twenty-three studies on other diseases were included, with 12 reporting adverse reactions. Ling X.Y., Tao J.L., Sun X., Yuan B. Among the 13 included studies on treatment of hand-foot-mouth disease, eight reported adverse reactions. Duan Z.P., Jia Z.H., Zhang J., Liu S., Chen Y., Liang L.C., Zhang C.Q., Zhang Z., Sun Y., Zhang S.Q., Wang Y.Y., Wu Y.L. J. Pharmacovigilance. (2020). Traditional Chin. Please be informed that only the Lianhua . China Central Television News (2020). Yiling Pharmaceutical (2021). Cheng D.Z., Li Y. For pooled studies, the incidence of adverse reactions was lower in the LHQW group than the conventional drug group (RR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.580.69, p < 0.001). Preliminary Study on the Inhibitory Effect of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule on virusMaster Degree. Efficacy of Lianhua Qingwen Compared With Conventional Drugs in the Treatment of Common Pneumonia and Covid-19 Pneumonia: a Meta-Analysis. Meta-analysis and systematic review of efficacy and safety of Lianhua Qingwen in adjuvant treatment of adult pneumonia. Jia W., Wang C., Wang Y., Pan G., Jiang M., Li Z., Zhu Y. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the major constituents in Chinese medical preparation Lianhua-Qingwen capsule by UPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS. Wang C.H., Zhong Y., Zhang Y., Liu J.P., Wang Y.F., Jia W.N., Wang G.C., Li Z., Zhu Y., Gao X.M. Drug Related Hospital Admissions: the Role of Definitions and Intensity of Data Collection, and the Possibility of Prevention. 8600 Rockville Pike The outcome measures included the alleviation of fever and other symptoms including nasal congestion, sore throat, cough, aches and pains, fatigue, headache, chills or sweats in subjects with acute uncomplicated influenza. Front. It cannot be taken as prophylaxis or as a health supplement. It blocked the early stages (02h) of virus infection, and reduced virus-induced nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-B) activation and the gene expression of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-, interferon-inducible protein (IP)-10, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 [24]. Science. Pharmacol. [Fabaceae; Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma] (85g) (Rivera et al., 2014; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 2021; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew science, 2021; The Plant List, 2021; Yiling Pharmaceutical, 2021). Eval. Analysis of curative effects of 51 patients with COVID-19 treated with Chinese medicine Lianhua Qingwen: a multicentre retrospective study. Conclusion: The current study provides potential a reference for the security of LHQW. Beijing: China Medical Science Press. Significant heterogeneity was detected for COVID-19 pneumonia (I2 = 76.0), hand-foot-mouth disease (I2 = 62.1), rheum (I2 = 88.2), and drowsiness of nervous system damage (I2 = 91.8). Wang Z., Chen X., Lu Y., Chen F., Zhang W. Clinical characteristics and therapeutic procedure for four cases with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia receiving combined Chinese and western medicine treatment. As adverse reactions in COVID-19 pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treatment were only reported for a limited number of studies, no sensitivity analysis for these diseases was conducted. Zhou X.P. Publication bias data are shown in Table 2 and the Funnel plot of pooled studies presented in Figure 3. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of hepatobiliary system damage between the LHQW group and the conventional drug group (RR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.581.28, p = 0.461). Mo H.Y., Ke C.W., Zheng J.P., Zhong N.S. Am. 81703740), the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. Moreover, LHQW capsule also remarkably decreased the infectivity of H3N2 in vitro [25]. LQ15H280003), the Clinical Research Projects of Zhejiang Medical Association (No. FIGURE 2. Compared with the conventional drug group, the incidence of disease recurrence was lower in the LHQW group, implied that LHQW might could regulate and enhance the immune function of the body. Some composition of LHQW can cause damage to the stomach and intestines, supporting the possibility of injurious effects on the gastrointestinal system: for thia suspensa (Thunb.) Further clinical trial showed that LHQW was superior to oseltamivir in improving the symptoms of influenza A virus infection by a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials [37]. Race to Find Covid-19 Treatments Accelerates. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies The epidemic of 2019-novel-coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia and insights for emerging infectious diseases in the future. Wu, L., Chen, Y., Ma, Y., Yang, Z., Yang, N., Deng, W., et al. Traditional Med. Therefore, further attention should be paid to the occurrence of adverse reaction with LHQW among different age groups in the future. Currently, the drug has been approved for marketing in 23 countries and regions, including Canada, Russia, Cambodia and Indonesia. Traditional Chinese medicine, such as Lianhua Qingwen, has achieved some curative effect in many countries, but its effect is not clear. 81503129, No. TABLE 2. Analysis of the molecular mechanism of Pudilan (PDL) treatment for COVID-19 by network pharmacology tools. Received: 27 August 2021; Accepted: 06 January 2022;Published: 27 January 2022. FIGURE 1. Despite the ban, Lianhua Qingwen has been sold illegally in Australia as a COVID-19 treatment.[21]. [Saururaceae; Houttuyniae Botanical drug] (255g), Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. [Lamiaceae; 1-Menthol] (7.5g), Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. Contraindications . The results of quantitative analyses are presented in Table 1 and the statistical significance of Forest plots shown in Supplementary Figure S1. 2017ZYY07). The search keywords for screening the literature information were virus, COVID-19, or SARS-CoV-2, and Lianhua Qingwen. [8], Lianhua Qingwen has also been promoted and distributed by the government in Hong Kong (HK). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of abnormal white blood cells and reticuloendothelial system between the LHQW group and the conventional drug group (RR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.382.62, p = 1.000). doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-2809.2020.13.020, Liu, C. Y., Li, X. Q., and Cai, S. Q. 12 (08), 140141. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions during treatment of viral influenza between the LHQW group and the conventional drug group (RR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.471.21, p = 0.244). Lian-Di Kan, Ye-Cheng Jin and Hong-Mei Fang were responsible for the conception and design of the review. For hand-foot-mouth disease, sample size (p = 0.082), year of publication (p = 0.795), and treatment of the control group (p = 0.701) did not explain the issue of heterogeneity. (2013). Adv. Compared with oseltamivir, LHQW achieved a similar therapeutic effectiveness with reduction of the duration of illness and duration of influenza A virus H1N1 shedding [36]. Although the data were far from adequate, the latest advances had shown the benefits of LHQW in COVID-19, especially in combination with other antiviral drugs. Two studies reported psychiatric disorders as the adverse reaction. (2020). 13 (08), 676681. A total of 420 participants with influenza (ages from 18 years to 65 years) were randomly divided into three groups: high dose LHQW capsule treatment (6 capsules each time, bid), low dose LHQW capsule treatment (4 capsules of LHQW+2 capsules of placebo each time, bid) and placebo intervention (6 capsules of placebo each time, bid). Declaration of competing interest. Meta-analysis in Clinical Trials. Some notable dangerous reactions include heart attacks, strokes, seizures, and sudden deaths. The cochrane Collaboration's Tool for Assessing Risk of Bias in Randomised Trials. Keywords: Lianhua Qingwen capsule; Meta-analysis; influenza; systematic review. Prof. Zhenhua Jia formulates the prescription of Lianhua Qingwen based on the theory of collateral disease, and participates in the research projects of Lianhua Qingwen against H 1 N 1 and COVID-19. Effects of Four Types of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicines for the Treatment of Covid-19 in china: a Network Meta-Analysis. Liu Y., Liu L., Cao M.M., Wen J., Zhou S., Jiang H., Zhang Y., Zhao R.S., Yang Y.H. 48 (3), 737762. 2015, 731765. doi:10.1155/2015/731765, Jin, L., Xu, Y., and Yuan, H. (2020). Rev. Tian S., Song X., Wang Y., Wang X., Mou Y., Chen Q., Zhao H., Ma K., Wu Z., Yu H., Han X., Wang H., Wang S., Ji X., Zhang Y. Chinese herbal medicine Baoyuan Jiedu decoction inhibits the accumulation of myeloid derived suppressor cells in pre-metastatic niche of lung via TGF-/CCL9 pathway. Drug Discov. Other Symptoms Sputum.Four studies reported the effects of Lianhua Qingwen and those of conventional drugs on the duration of sputum. The majority of studies lacked sufficient description of allocation concealment and therefore, the project was predominantly evaluated as unclear risk of bias. Although the blinding method was not reported, since some symptom indicators needed measurement with instruments, assessment of symptom indicators was unlikely to be affected by the lack of blinding. Available at: http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org (Accessed December 18, 2021). Chin. The most common adverse reactions in our analysis were gastrointestinal system damage, skin and its appendage damage. Studies were classified as low risk of bias, high risk of bias or unclear risk of bias based on individual items. Previous studies reported that Lianhua Qingwen might have positive effects, including broad-spectrum antiviral, cough and expectorant, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory, immune-regulating, effective antibacterial and other systemic intervention functions (Liu et al., 2010; Liu 2015; Wang, et al., 2015). On March 27, 2019, Yiling Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. amended the LHQW drug manual to include adverse reactions related to its clinical application. This study was supported by the COVID-19 Pneumonia of Traditional Chinese Medicine Emergency Project, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the Peoples Republic of China (2020ZYLCYJ02-1). Vahl [Oleaceae; Forsythiae Fructus], Lonicera japonica Thunb. FOIA Dr. Tan says that LianHua QingWen is not advisable for COVID patients who are experiencing a chilling sensation due to the infection. Inhibitory effects of three prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine on SARS-associated coronavirus, http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2162.R.20200422.1429.002.html. *Correspondence: Guoliang Zhang, zhangguoliang61@sina.com, These authors have contributed equally to this work, https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.764774, World Health Organization Adverse Drug Reaction Terminology (2009), https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.764774/full#supplementary-material, http://m.news.cctv.com/2020/03/17/ARTIEYQ2aws8fPYWQxjnynzo200317.shtml?from=singlemessage, https://mpns.science.kew.org/mpns-portal/, https://chemrxiv.org/engage/chemrxiv/article-details/60c74908ee301c485bc799cf, http://www.yiling.cn/contents/75/132.html. Therefore, people have also observed that Lianhua Qingwen capsule (granule) inhibits the over-expression of human common coronavirus (HcV-229E), novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infected cells and. The documents were filtered and summarized for final evaluation. Though the quality of the included literature was mixed, the lung protection effects of LHQW was demonstrated. 382 (21), e68. Current evidence shows that Lianhua Qingwen capsule is more effective and safer than Oseltamivir, Ribavirin and Ankahuangmin capsules. Vahl [Oleaceae; Forsythiae Fructus] (255g), Lonicera japonica Thunb. We aim to assess the efficacy and safety of Lianhua Qingwen combined with Conventional antiviral Western Medicine in Clinical treatment of COVID-19 or asymptomatic infection. Chin. Li X., Yang Y., Liu L., Yang X., Zhao X., Li Y., Ge Y., Shi Y., Lv P., Zhang J., Bai T., Zhou H., Luo P., Huang S. Effect of combination antiviral therapy on hematological profiles in 151 adults hospitalized with severe coronavirus disease 2019. 339 (7), b2535. In the evaluation of security indexes, LHQW group has a reduced incidence of respiratory system damage, skin and its appendages injury, nervous system damage and gastrointestinal system damage, along with other adverse reactions. Mo H.Y., Yang Z.F., Zheng J.P., Mo Z.Y., Li Y.M., Xiao Z.L. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000026059, Gallelli, L., Ferreri, G., Colosimo, M., Pirritano, D., Guadagnino, L., Pelaia, G., et al. The results are expected to enhance its effectiveness against viruses. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions during treatment of herpes zoster between the LHQW group and the conventional drug group (RR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.521.23, p = 0.302). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions during treatment of rheum between the LHQW group and the conventional drug group (RR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.121.83, p = 0.270).
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